Tics can happen throughout the day. But tics often happen less or go away completely when a person is concentrating like working on a computer or relaxing like listening to music. The type of tics often change over time. How often the tics happen often changes, too. Tics are usually worse when a person is under stress like when studying for a big test or excited or very energized about something like at a birthday party or a sports activity.
Tics can even happen when a person first falls asleep, but usually slow down and disappear completely during the deeper stages of sleep. Sometimes a person with Tourette syndrome might have other conditions, like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD , obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD , or trouble learning. Tourette syndrome is much more common in boys than in girls, and it always starts before age 18 — usually between the ages of 5 and 9. Tourette syndrome is a genetic condition, which means it's passed down from a person's parents.
Tourette syndrome is not contagious and you can't catch it from someone who has it. No one knows the exact cause of Tourette syndrome, but some research points to a problem with how nerves communicate in the brain. Neurotransmitters — chemicals in the brain that carry nerve signals from cell to cell — may play a role. Anyone who has a tic will need to see a doctor, and maybe a neurologist a doctor who knows a lot about the nervous system.
All kids who have Tourette syndrome have tics — but a person can have tics without having Tourette syndrome. But when Luke has a game someplace new, he often has to deal with stares and weird looks from strangers because he sometimes shouts unexpectedly or blinks his eyes hard.
To people who don't know him, it looks like he's in pain or needs help. These tics are symptoms of Luke's Tourette syndrome. Tourette syndrome TS is a disorder that affects the body's brain and nervous system by causing tics — sudden, repetitive movements or sounds that some people make, seemingly without realizing it. A person with Tourette syndrome has mulitple motor tics and at least one vocal tic. Tics are actually more common in teens than you might think.
You may know someone who has either a motor tic sudden, uncontrollable movements like exaggerated blinking of the eyes or a vocal tic sounds such as throat clearing, grunting, or humming.
Tourette syndrome is a genetic disorder, which means it's the result of a change in genes that's either inherited passed on from parent to child or happens during development in the womb. As with other genetic disorders, someone may have a tendency to develop TS. But that doesn't mean the person will definitely get it. The exact cause of Tourette syndrome isn't known, but some research suggests that it happens when there's a problem with how nerves communicate in certain areas of the brain.
An upset in the balance of neurotransmitters chemicals in the brain that carry nerve signals from cell to cell might play a role. People with Tourette syndrome usually first notice symptoms while they're kids or teens. TS affects people of all races and backgrounds, although more guys than girls have the condition.
The main symptoms of Tourette syndrome are tics — multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic. Motor tics can be everything from eye blinking or grimacing to head jerking or foot stomping. Not all tics indicate Tourette syndrome. Many children develop tics that go away on their own after a few weeks or months.
But whenever a child shows unusual behavior, it's important to identify the cause and rule out serious health problems. The exact cause of Tourette syndrome isn't known. It's a complex disorder likely caused by a combination of inherited genetic and environmental factors. Chemicals in the brain that transmit nerve impulses neurotransmitters , including dopamine and serotonin, might play a role. People with Tourette syndrome often lead healthy, active lives. However, Tourette syndrome frequently involves behavioral and social challenges that can harm your self-image.
Tourette syndrome care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Tourette too-RET syndrome is a disorder that involves repetitive movements or unwanted sounds tics that can't be easily controlled. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic.
Share on: Facebook Twitter. Tics may become more frequent and more intense when a person is facing physical, emotional, or mental stress. This can range from barely noticeable to severe enough to make daily life challenging.
Talk to him or her to see if the tics are causing pain or discomfort, bothering him or her, or affecting schoolwork or desired activities.
Experts believe that abnormalities in the basal ganglia may cause an imbalance in levels of brain neurotransmitters, which transfer messages from one cell to another.
Abnormal neurotransmitter levels may disrupt normal brain function, resulting in tics. A person who has a close family member with a tic is more likely to have one, too. Another theory is that a childhood illness may trigger tics. It may be that the bacteria cause the immune system to produce antibodies that interact with brain tissue, and this brings about changes in the brain.
Blood tests, a skin test, eye tests, and imaging tests can help rule out these and other medical conditions. Treatment normally involves medication and non-pharmacological treatments. In rare cases, surgery may be an option. One example is Clonidine. Side effects include diarrhea or constipation , dry mouth , headaches , dizziness, and fatigue. Muscle relaxants help control physical tics by treating spasticity, when muscles become too stiff.
Examples include baclofen and clonazepam. Side effects include drowsiness and dizziness. Patients taking muscle relaxants should not consume alcohol, and they may not be able to drive or use heavy machinery. Neuroleptics block the effects of dopamine in the brain. They may be taken orally or by injection. They can treat moderate to severe symptoms.
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